What are Leibniz monad's?
Monads are (according to Leibniz) but energy-laden and soul-invested units. He believed there are four types of monads.
Simple monads
The bodies of all matter
Some type of unconscious and unorganized perception. They ware motivated by a tendency to keep in line with the existing, pre-established harmony of the universe.
Sentient monads
Present in all living organisms, but not in inorganic material
Had capacities for feeling pleasure and pain, and for the voluntary focusing of attention.
Lacked the ability to reason about their experiences.
Rational monads
Corresponded to the conscious minds of humans
Possessed the capacity of apperception, the faculty not only to perceive but also to reflect upon what is perceived.
Apperception was not entirely based on empirical evidence, but also on innate truths.
Innate knowledge demonstrated by perception
Supreme monad
Controlled and motivated by all other monads
Omniscient and omnipotent God of Christian religion
Institution:
Universiteit van Amsterdam
Year of Study:
2
Type:
Exam
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