Apoptotic Effect of 1800 MHz Electromagnetic Radiation on NIH/3T3 Cells

Apoptotic Effect of 1800 MHz Electromagnetic Radiation on NIH/3T3 Cells

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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32013005/

doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030819.

Dan-Yang Li 1, Jing-Dong Song 2, Zhao-Yuan Liang 1, Kiana Oskouei 1, Xiang-Qian Xiao 1 3, Wen-Zhe Hou 2, Jin-Tao Li 1, Yi-Shu Yang 1 3, Ming-Lian Wang 1 3, Manuel Murbach 4

Affiliations expand

PMID: 32013005 

PMCID: PMC7037840

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030819Free PMC article

definition  of Apoptosis

Description

DescriptionApoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes and death. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, chromosomal DNA fragmentation, and global mRNA decay

Abstract

To investigate the effect of 1800 MHz electromagnetic radiation (EMR) on apoptosis, we exposed NIH/3T3 cells at 1800 MHz with a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 2 W/kg intermittently for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. After exposure, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis; the expression of p53, a molecule with the key role in apoptosis, was measured by real-time qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence; and images of the structure of the mitochondria, directly reflecting apoptosis, were captured by electron microscopy. The results showed that the viability of cells in the 12, 36, and 48 h exposure groups significantly decreased compared with the sham groups; after 48 h of exposure, the percentage of late apoptotic cells in the exposure group was significantly higher. Real-time qPCR results showed that p53 mRNA in the 48 h exposure group was 1.4-fold of that in the sham group; significant differences of p53 protein fluorescence expression were observed between the exposure groups and the sham groups after 24 h and 48 h. The mitochondrial swelling and vesicular morphology were found in the electron microscopy images after 48 h exposure. These findings demonstrated 1800 MHz, SAR 2 W/kg EMR for 48 h may cause apoptosis in NIH/3T3 cells and that this apoptosis might be attributed to mitochondrial damage and upregulation of p53 expression.

Keywords: cell apoptosis; electromagnetic radiation; mitochondria; p53.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

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p53 mRNA expression increased significantly… 

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Immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy were…

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