interesting facts and questions
#WakeUp
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an interesting fact to consider when pondering whether or not any kind of vaccine (harmaouticle) will protect you from any kind of virus, they claim 95% success rating during "Human Trails" but fail to mention many relevant details like how long before the shot was administered after production was finished, because the mrna only has a half life of around 4 -8 seconds meaning any kind of perceived immunity you thought you would get from it is completely non existent by the time you even see the vaccine. (i will add the relevant sources at the end) and just because they claim it is fool roof doesn't mean it is take for example the condom which should be 100% fool proof yet std's and pregnancies can still occur even with them even with Consistent and correct use of the male latex condom reduces the risk of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. However, condom use cannot provide absolute protection against any STD. so you may wonder Why is mRNA unstable?
RNA has the normal 2` hydroxy group, and that makes the phosphodiester bond unstable and susceptible to nucleophilic attack and self-hydrolysis. ... For this reason, structure RNA molecules (in a double helix) are much more stable. mRNA is generally unstructured and so is much less stable.5 Mar 2018
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves the cell nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
What is mRNA and what is its function?
Messenger ribonucleuc acid, or mRNA for short, plays a vital role in human biology, specifically in a process known as protein synthesis. mRNA is a single-stranded molecule that carries genetic code from DNA in a cell's nucleus to ribosomes, the cell's protein-making machinery.
What is the half life of mRNA?
4.8 and 3.6 min
The new measurements with our improved protocol revealed a much less stable transcriptome than previously reported, with average and median mRNA half-lives of 4.8 and 3.6 min respectively (Figure 1C).7 Sept 2018
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How is mRNA produced?
mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus using the nucleotide sequence of DNA as a template. This process requires nucleotide triphosphates as substrates and is catalyzed by the enzyme RNA polymerase II. The process of making mRNA from DNA is called transcription, and it occurs in the nucleus.
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Why is mRNA unstable?
RNA has the normal 2` hydroxy group, and that makes the phosphodiester bond unstable and susceptible to nucleophilic attack and self-hydrolysis. ... For this reason, structure RNA molecules (in a double helix) are much more stable. mRNA is generally unstructured and so is much less stable.5 Mar 2018
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What affects mRNA stability?
Mammalian mRNA turnover can be influenced by a number of events. Events favoring mRNA stability include its association with RNA binding proteins and poly(A) binding protein (PABP), as well as the recruitment of the mRNA to cytoplasmic sites such as stress granules.
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What is the half life of mRNA?
4.8 and 3.6 min
The new measurements with our improved protocol revealed a much less stable transcriptome than previously reported, with average and median mRNA half-lives of 4.8 and 3.6 min respectively (Figure 1C).7 Sept 2018
Search for: What is the half life of mRNA?
How does mRNA stability affect gene expression?
mRNA stability influences gene expression in virtually all organisms, from bacteria to mammals, and the abundance of a particular mRNA can fluctuate manyfold following a change in the mRNA half-life, without any change in transcription.
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How does mRNA degradation affect translation?
What converts mRNA protein?
During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink). The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.
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How do you convert mRNA to amino acids?
Transfer RNAs, or tRNAs, are molecular "bridges" that connect mRNA codons to the amino acids they encode. One end of each tRNA has a sequence of three nucleotides called an anticodon, which can bind to specific mRNA codons. The other end of the tRNA carries the amino acid specified by the codons.
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What does R RNA stand for?
ribosomal ribonucleic acid
Alternative Titles: rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), molecule in cells that forms part of the protein-synthesizing organelle known as a ribosome and that is exported to the cytoplasm to help translate the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein.22 May 2020
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How many amino acids will the mRNA code for?
How is DNA converted to mRNA?
Transcription takes place in the nucleus. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule. RNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Translation reads the genetic code in mRNA and makes a protein.23 Mar 2020
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How do you find tRNA from mRNA?
When you come across an adenine (A) in the DNA sequence, match it with a uracil (U). If the DNA sequence is A-A-T-C-G-C-T-T-A-C-G-A, then the mRNA sequence is U-U-A-G-C-G-A-A-U-G-C-U. Create a tRNA anti-codon sequence from the mRNA transcript. Each tRNA has a set of three bases on it known as an anti-codon.
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How do you transcribe biology?
Steps of Transcription
Step 1: Initiation. Initiation is the beginning of transcription. ...
Step 2: Elongation. Elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mRNA strand. ...
Step 3: Termination. Termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when RNA polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene.
