50 Unsolved Mysteries That Cannot Be Explained | Compilation
https://youtu.be/q1LSMUepgJU?si=z8_Aw84oE1CRRXRJ
The hidden side of the Internet click the image, to go to main page #D
23 Sept 2023
Keep Ur👀Open!! Conspiracy Theory TIK TOKS That Will Make You Question Re...
Keep Ur👀Open!! Conspiracy Theory TIK TOKS That Will Make You Question Reality | Dre_Og Live
Dre_OG Reacts
We Found Religious Relics Inside Creepy ABANDONED Houses in The Woods!
We Found Religious Relics Inside Creepy ABANDONED Houses in The Woods!
Vac
explore we trek through the woods to find some Buried houses deep within....
As we enter we discover decades of untouched abandonment, with pianos, artwork and tons of Religious relics. including the Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci!!
Creepy TikToks that will make you rethink reality (pt. 73)
Creepy TikToks that will make you rethink reality (pt. 73)
MODTRICCA
In tonight’s video, I react to a scary video compilation that will send chills down your spine. Many people on social media are beginning to question reality after these terrifying videos went viral on YouTube Shorts and TikTok. This eerie compilation features some mysterious glitches in the matrix, unexplained UFO sightings and of course there's some creepy celebrity conspiracies. There are also plenty of strange creatures caught on camera that no one can seem to identify on the internet.
Let me know your opinion of these creepy videos in the comments below!
Don’t forget to like and subscribe for more!
21 Sept 2023
Scientists Just Revealed That A Single Bee Is Raising An Immortal Army W...
Scientists Just Revealed That A Single Bee Is Raising An Immortal Army With Millions Of Clones
Unexplai
Scientists just revealed that a single bee is raising an immortal army with millions of clones. This single bee is raising an army.
The increasing eternal cloned armies of competing subspecies of honeybees causes hives of the African lowland honeybee to fail. Research has uncovered a honeybee distinct species that can make flawless replicas of itself and then use those replicas to infiltrate competitors' hives.
When a female Cape honeybee lays an egg, scientists observed that she does not reorder her DNA. This enables it to manufacture flawless clones of itself every time it propagates, therefore making it immortal. Over the last three decades, scientists have uncovered one honeybee in this subspecies that has created huge amounts of clones.
NASA's International Space Station Cuts Live Feed After Something Strang...
NASA's International Space Station Cuts Live Feed After Something Strange Appears on Camera
Orbit - Beyon
UFO I RECORDED OFF ISS FEED THAT ENTERS FIELD OF VEIW AND THEN REVERSES COURSE
f instances where NASA cut live feed after something strange was caught on the ISS camera.
NASA will use lessons learned on the ISS to prepare for human missions that reach farther into space than ever before.
As with exploring any unknown terrain or space, there are bound to be encounters with the unknown. And now, the ISS might also be the place that has finally provided us with answers to the age old question “Are We Alone?”. The answer being a faint, but terrifying “No”.
What does NASA know? And why does it keep cutting the Live Feed?
19 Sept 2023
What You Need To Know About THE HOMUNCULUS
What You Need To Know About THE HOMUNCULUS
WoodwardTV
A homunculus (UK: /hɒˈmʌŋkjʊləs/ hom-UNK-yuul-əs, US: /hoʊˈ-/ hohm-, Latin: [hɔˈmʊŋkʊlʊs]; "little person") is a representation of a small human being, originally depicted as small statues made out of clay. Popularized in sixteenth-century alchemy and nineteenth-century fiction, it has historically referred to the creation of a miniature, fully formed human. The concept has roots in preformationism as well as earlier folklore and alchemic traditions.
The term lends its name to the cortical homunculus, an image of a person with the size of the body parts distorted to represent how much area of the cerebral cortex of the brain is devoted to it.
FBI Agent’s $2M ABANDONED Mansion | FULLY FURNISHED
FBI Agent’s $2M ABANDONED Mansion | FULLY FURNISHED
Jeremy Xplores
Gather 'round, folks, and feast your eyes on the grandeur of this abandoned mansion once the home of a highfalutin (I’ve always wanted to casually use that word) attorney and his family. It later fell into the hands of an ever-ambitious man who was at the time the YOUNGEST MEMBER OF THE FBI. I kid you not.
He would go onto building an empire from within these walls but alas, tragedy struck when his wife passed away, leaving him to fend for himself and make some drastic modifications to the mansion to suit his old age. So let's step inside and take a glimpse into the past - a moment frozen in time, where the essence of Ollie and those who came before him still lingers.
#AbandonedMansion
The Lee Bradley residence is a 9,338 square-foot Greek Revival-style mansion constructed in 1907 for attorney Lee Bradley at 640 Idlewild Circle, a Jemison Company subdivision between George Ward Park and Glen Iris Park.
The red brick house was designed by Thomas Walter III with Sidney Ullman. As a nod to his wife Eleanor's Louisiana heritage, the house features a wraparound, two-story gallery supported on 14 Corinthian columns, with a projecting four-column portico.
Bradley died in 1942 and his funeral was held at the house. The house was purchased from the Bradley family by Ollie and Carolyn Smith. Mr Smith died in 2016 and the property remains held in a family trust.
References
"The Imposing Residence of Mr. and Mrs. Lee C. Bradley, at Idlewild." (December 5, 1915) The Birmingham Age-Herald
Satterfield, Carolyn Green (1976) Historic Sites of Jefferson County, Alabama. Birmingham: Jefferson County Historical Commission/Gray Printing Company
External links
Bradley-Smith Residence at Abandoned Southeast
Lee C. Bradley, Attorney
Lee Carrington Bradley was born in Birmingham, Alabama on November 12, 1871, the son of Richard Carrington and Sarah Gurley Bradley, members of pioneer Alabama families. He graduated with a Master of Arts degree from Southern University in Greensboro, now Birmingham Southern College, in 1890, and in 1892, began practicing law in Birmingham. He was appointed Jefferson County’s assistant county solicitor in 1893 and became county solicitor in 1896. On June 24, 1896, Lee C. Bradley married Eleanor “Ellie” Lyons, and the couple had two children together; Lee Carrington Bradley Jr. and Thomas Lyons Bradley.
In 1904, he and John P. Tillman, Judge William I. Grubb, and Hugh Morrow organized the law firm of Tillman, Grubb, Bradley & Morrow. The firm went through a few changes in personnel over the years, becoming Bradley, Baldwin, All & White. Mr. Bradley was a member of the firm until his death.
Lee C. Bradley’s fame as a lawyer was not only confined to Alabama, so when President Woodrow Wilson began looking around for someone to serve as counsel for the alien property custodian, he selected the Birmingham native, who distinguished himself in that office. It was through the instrumentality of Mr. Bradley that the alien property custodian was given authority to dispose of perishable goods taken over by him, which were deteriorating in warehouses and other storage facilities. He suggested to the custodian that he asks Congress to pass the necessary legislation empowering the custodian to sell or otherwise dispose of the perishable property.
download
Lee Carrington Bradley. Birmingham Public Library
Bradley took the matter up with Senator Oscar W. Underwood, Democratic leader in the Senate, who attached an amendment to a bill coming up that day for passage. Senator Underwood explained the necessity and the urgency for the measure, and it passed without question, was sent to the House at once, and immediately passed by that body. Bradley served in this position without pay.
Returning home, Bradley resumed the law practice. He was appointed by Judge Grubb of the United States District Court in Birmingham as receiver for the Birmingham Railway, Light, & Power Company, owner and operator of the street railway, gas, and electric utility system. He was largely responsible for the successful termination of the receivership and the organization of the Birmingham Electric Company, which took over the assets of the Birmingham Railway, Light & Power Company.
Among his other business connections was that of director and member of the executive committee of the Birmingham Savings Bank & Trust Company. Bradley was one of the organizers and for several years a stockholder in the Birmingham baseball club, a member of Alpha Tau Omega Fraternity, the Birmingham, Alabama, and American Bar Associations, the bar of the City of New York, and the Birmingham Country Club. Lee Carrington Bradley Sr. died on May 31, 1942. His funeral was held at his residence on Idlewild Circle and was buried in Elmwood Cemetery.
It is said that their favorite son, Thomas, was home from college and choked to death at the kitchen table on oyster shell shards in 1920. Since then, his mother always had a place set at the dining table for him. After her husband’s death, Eleanor continued to live in the home until her death in 1967, when the home was soon purchased by Ollie and Carolyn Smith.
City/Town: • Birmingham
Location Class: • Residential
Built: • 1907 | Abandoned: • 2016
Status: • Demolished
Photojournalist: • David Bulit
Table of Contents
Bradley-Smith House
Thomas U. Walter III, Architect
Lee C. Bradley, Attorney
Ollie D. Smith, Attorney
Photo Gallery
References
Bradley-Smith House
The Bradley-Smith House is a Greek Revival-style mansion constructed in 1907 for attorney Lee Bradley, located in a Jemison Company subdivision between George Ward Park and Glen Iris Park. The red brick house was designed by Thomas Walter III with Sydney Ullman, who built several notable homes in the area including the residence of Robert Jemison, Sr. inspired by his wife’s Louisiana heritage, Bradley’s home features a wraparound, two-story gallery supported on fourteen Corinthian columns, with a projecting four-column portico.
Lee Bradley Residence
The Bradley House on Idlewild Circle in Birmingham, Alabama, 1927. The Birmingham News
Thomas U. Walter III, Architect
Thomas Ustick Walter III was born on January 24, 1864, in Norfolk, Virginia, the son of engineer and photographer Thomas Ustick Walter Jr. and Laura Ashby. He was also the grandson of the famous and well-respected architect Thomas Ustick Walter who is notable for redesigning the U. S. Capitol as it stands today. He added the famous Dome and the East and West wings that house the Senate and Library.
Thomas Walter III came to Birmingham sometime in the late-1890s and took on his first major commission designing the first hospital building of the newly established St. Vincent’s Hospital. He opened an office as Thomas U. Walter & Co. Architects on the 4th floor of the Chalifoux Building where the Jemison Flats apartment building currently stands. He provided several designs for Edward Cullom’s Cullom Place development. Soon he was collaborating with landscape architect Samuel Parsons on the design for Glen Iris Park and was the architect of Robert Jemison Sr.’s residence there. He then joined Jemison as a partner in the Glenview Realty Company.
By 1908, Walter had largely given up architectural design in favor of real estate development. He acted as a sales agent for Mountain Terrace as an employee of Robert Jemison Jr.’s company, the Jemison Company. He and appraiser Jerome Tucker derived the “Tucker-Walter Rule” used to determine the depth of residential lots on Birmingham’s hillsides. Walter is also credited with establishing the limits of downtown Birmingham as the area between 13th and 26th Streets and between 8th Avenue North and 8th Avenue South.
In financial trouble, Walter borrowed a sum of money from fellow architect David O. Whilldon, secured by his grandfather’s drawing of the U.S. Capitol dome. Whilldon retained the drawings after Walter was unable to repay him, and donated the drawings to the Birmingham Museum of Art. Walter died on January 31, 1931, and is buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery in Norfolk, Virginia.
18 Sept 2023
I'm Never Going Back! Haunted And Abandoned For Decades In The World's M...
I'm Never Going Back! Haunted And Abandoned For Decades In The World's Most Haunted City
Adam Mark Explores
15 Sept 2023
13 Sept 2023
Mind Blowing Conspiracy Theories (That Turned Out to be TRUE)
Mind Blowing Conspiracy Theories (That Turned Out to be TRUE)
Sideprojects
@TheHidden
here is the actual 100% proof that the moon landing was totally fake and this s taken from the official NASA footage,,,, i dare you to watch it to the end and if you can do that and still think it's not the truth and the moon landings were genuine I'll gladly offer up my left nut after removing it with a rusty spoon and rolling it in salt and vinegar,,, that's how confident i am of the evidence i have here https://youtu.be/azBs8aiLrp8 #IAM #DShow less
Evil Demons That Will Haunt Your Dreams
Evil Demons That Will Haunt Your Dreams
Top 5 Scary Videos Elite
😱 Brace yourself as we take you on a nightmarish journey exploring the most evil demons known to haunt the human psyche. In this chilling episode, we delve deep into the dark corners of the world to unveil demonic entities that have been the root of nightmares for ages. From ancient scriptures to modern-day sightings, these malevolent beings promise to haunt your dreams and maybe even your waking hours. 🔥 Grab your bravest friends and join us in this heart-stopping exploration that will leave your pulse racing. Remember to hit that like and subscribe button to become a part of our fearless community uncovering the unknown.
10 Sept 2023
10 Cult Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out To Be True
10 Cult Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out To Be True
https://www.youtube.com/@WatchMojo
These conspiracy theories turned into conspiracy facts. For this list, we’ll be looking at the most bizarre conspiracy theories about well-known cults and their existence that ended up being proven correct. Our countdown of conspiracy theories that turned out to be true includes cults like Rajneesh Cult & Rajneeshpuram, Los Narcosatánicos, The Branch Davidians, and more! Did the aliens or a divine power hide any entries from our list? Let us know in the comments below.
The Unknown Things Your Smartphone Knows About You - They Don’t Want You To Know This
The Unknown Things Your Smartphone Knows About You - They Don’t Want You To Know This
Most Amazing Elite
8 Sept 2023
Richard Dolan Explores Forgotten USO History: Unveiling Underwater 'UFOs...
Richard Dolan Explores Forgotten USO History: Unveiling Underwater 'UFOs' and Alien Impact
UAMN TV
The Forgotten History of USOs: What Underwater “UFOs” mean to our Understanding of the Alien Presence - 2023 Contact in the Desert UAMN TV Exclusive - As land-based creatures we tend to forget that most of the planet is covered by water. The 20th and 21st centuries, however, have an enormous history of inexplicable technologies operating throughout all of Earth’s bodies of water, from large oceans to lakes, rivers, and even small reservoirs and ponds. Many instances have shown them to be transmedium objects, meaning they can operate in water as well as the atmosphere. The evidence and testimony regarding this phenomenon is extremely compelling. UFO historian Richard Dolan will review the extraordinary history of USOs (unidentified submersible objects) from around the world and discuss the implications of the presence of such remarkable objects in our world.
Disclaimer: We apologize for any inconvenience caused during the presentation. Due to technical difficulties encountered during filming, a brief segment of the lecture had to be removed. We appreciate your understanding and hope you still find the content informative and engaging.
Presented by Richard Dolan:
Richard Dolan is among the world’s leading UFO historians. He has written many classics for the field, including UFOs and the National Security State, A.D. After Disclosure, and UFOs for the 21st Century Mind, as well as ongoing booklets for his Richard Dolan Lecture Series. Richard has lectured around the world and has appeared widely on television, including Ancient Aliens, Hangar One, and many documentaries. Currently, he is the writer and host of the series “False Flags,” which appears on Gaia TV, and he is also writing a book on the same subject. He also hosts two radio shows: The Richard Dolan Show on KGRA and The Effed Files, and is the publisher of Richard Dolan Press, which features the work of many leading thinkers exploring alternative realities in our world.
7 Sept 2023
Practical Applications of the Fractal Toroidal Moment - (LONG-FORM LIVES...
Practical Applications of the Fractal Toroidal Moment - (LONG-FORM LIVESTREAM)
Martin Fleischmann Memorial Projet
good evening esteemed colleagues ladies and gentlemen thank you to the iccf 25
committee for giving me this opportunity to present some of the mfm's work over
these last 11 years and my
interpretations in the latter years of what has been found my name is Bob Greener and I'm a
volunteer with the Martin flieshmenn Memorial project this is a long form
presentation of the presentation I gave in
Poland on the 31st of August and this is now the 3rd
of September 2023
WATCH: Tribal Police RAM Climate Protestor's Blockade Into Burning Man Festival
WATCH: Tribal Police RAM Climate Protestor's Blockade Into Burning Man Festival
#scum
Earth's Strangest Experiment: The Mysterious Project HAARP
Earth's Strangest Experiment: The Mysterious Project HAARP
Dark5
In the 1990s, the Air Force began developing a high-tech research facility in Alaska. It was claimed that the site’s purpose was to investigate the ionosphere, a key layer in the upper atmosphere that could potentially improve communications.
The High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program, or HAARP, has been carrying out research programs for decades in its eye-opening headquarters located in the flat grounds of North America.
However, there has been wide speculation about the true nature of such a huge and imposing complex with 180 colossal antennas. And while scientists have continually denied that something mysterious is happening behind closed doors, many experts are convinced that the building is not what they say it is...
research SEE https://ediovision.blogspot.com/search?q=HAARP
4 Sept 2023
CREEPY And SCARY Tik Toks That Will Make You Question REALITY!
These are some of the most creepy tiktoks out there that will leave you speechless!
These are some of the most creepy tiktoks out there that will leave you speechless!
3 Sept 2023
Pornstar's ABANDONED Mansion ~ You Won't Believe What We Found Inside!!!
Pornstar's ABANDONED Mansion ~ You Won't Believe What We Found Inside!!!
https://www.youtube.com/@JeremyXplores
Jeremy In this episode, I'm taking you inside of a place unlike any I've ever explored. What we found inside of this gaudy mansion was absolutely bone chilling and the story of the heinous events that took place here is quite disturbing, to say the least. Built in the early 90's this mansion's existence began as a seemingly normal family home as a father, wife, and their son and daughter all lived here. The father made his wealth through the party and entertainment industry as he owned two stores that sold party supplies and hosted most of the major events in the area. But in 2010 tragically, his wife passed away from breast cancer and that's when things took a dark turn. Not long after her death, he began directing and even participating amateur adult films. All was well until it was discovered he was luring unassuming woman to his house, often using his money, power and drugs as a way to entice them. And when they got to his home, he was secretly filming his sexual acts with them and selling the tapes. Fortunately, his luck wouldn't last long as almost immediately the local authorities were tipped off about is illegal sexual exploitations and his house was raided. Inside, they found dozens of home made sex tapes of his victims along with a considerable amount of cocaine. He was indicted on charges of voyeurism and possession of narcotics. He was only sentenced to 6 months in jail but his legal debts and shattered reputation forced him to move far away and leave everything behind. Like a crumbled empire, this house now sits abandoned with much of his belongings from the past still inside. So let's step inside of this place and let's find out what's left behind. I'm Jeremy and I explore abandoned places. I document my explorations from around the world to shed light into the dark world of decay. Follow my adventures at:
2 Sept 2023
Creepy TikToks that will make you rethink reality (pt. 71)
Creepy TikToks that will make you rethink reality (pt. 71)
MODTRICCA
In tonight’s video, I react to a scary video compilation that will send chills down your spine. The terrifying TikToks and YouTube Shorts shown in this montage are equally shocking and thought-provoking, causing many on social media to question reality. This grueling compilation features some mysterious celebrity conspiracies, harrowing UFO sightings and plenty of strange creatures. If that's now enough, there are also some unexplained glitches in the matrix that will leave you scratching your head.
P.S.A on Vaccines & HCID's by The Hidden Wednesday, December 09, 2020
P.S.A on Vaccines & HCID's by The Hidden Wednesday, December 09, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/@TheHidden687
P.S.A on Vaccines & HCID's
by me Darren Law
A.K.A The Hidden.
#wakeup
😈💩👎
repeat after me,
"There Is No Virus",
"you cannot catch what doesn't exist",
just the same as you cant cure or treat it
because it's non existent
which is made even more obvious by this utter garbage piece of fear based mind and people control propaganda below
the breakdown and the facts follow
1. any vaccine works the same way they infect you with a small sample of the mrna from the virus they are allegedly trying to protect you from getting infected with, even though by taking a vaccine in all realty is really helping the spreading of the virus and not protecting you or anyone else from catching it as its just a lie to propagate profits and control over you and the rest of the world by fear
2.the "vaccine" wont reduce your chance's of "catching" it because they are already at zero because even by their own standards is a non HCID (non high consequence infectious disease). and you have more chance of catching "monkey pox" which was a total of 2,924 suspected
cases (141 actual deaths world wide) had been reported thus far in 2020. see chart added bellow for full listings of hcid's and the number of actually confirmed global cases and deaths of each HCID, then consider the fact that the uk and its 4nehg and phe (4 nations England health group and public health England) which manage the uks NHS ad other health services in the UK, wales, Scotland and Ireland don't even consider it to be as lethal or prevalent as the lowest rated hcid category diseases, which is 4 death globally attributed to Ebola virus disease and 1 of those was in a lab in the uk, and that's out of 7.8 Billion people globally and that works out to 1 death for every one billion nine hundred fifty million
people on the planet and you have even less chance than that of catching the "Rona", and some of the other diseases in the hcid listings haven't even been spotted since the early part of the 1900's and they're still ranked higher than covid-19 so you have pretty much zero percent of ever catching it or knowing anyone that has, even if it was real, which it isn't #Fact
3. they say they "don't know if it will stop you from catching or passing on the virus", so then technically its not even a vaccine because a vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired "immunity" to a particular infectious disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism or Nano particle that causes a immune system reaction to the viral vector and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins hence its still the virus your trying to protect from, which makes its a unethical and unrealistic and a unneeded gamble with your life and risking the ivies of those closest to you an a criminal act by endangering the lives of yourself and others around you, and isn't they're mantra, you have to take it because its for your safety and the safety of others which is a direct contraction of what it actually is #FACT
4. if the Harmacuiticle "Vaccine" worked you wouldn't need to follow the social distancing rules or guidelines that are not law or use a mask. #Fact
5. if you are stupid enough to fall for the fear based lies that they the people who are making and selling the vaccines tell you, then you deserve the Darwin award for sure and its your own fault for believing their lies which is a very sad #FACT.
so the best advice i can give you for your safety and the ones you love is this, and i stress do not, and i repeat,,,, DO NOT TAKE THE "VACCINE" as it will only harm you and those around you and spared the disease you think you are being protected from, and that's a scientific #FACT
to put it into context here is the status of Covid-19 according to the uk government from the 19th of march when they quietly swept it under the rug, so they could use it as an excuse to bring you to your knee's and cause the destruction of your lives your family and your country, your economy and ultimately yours and my world #Fact
Status of COVID-19
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid
As of 19 March 2020, COVID-19 is no longer considered to be a high consequence infectious disease (HCID) in the UK.
The 4 nations public health HCID group made an interim recommendation in January 2020 to classify COVID-19 as an HCID. This was based on consideration of the UK HCID criteria about the virus and the disease with information available during the early stages of the outbreak. Now that more is known about COVID-19, the public health bodies in the UK have reviewed the most up to date information about COVID-19 against the UK HCID criteria. They have determined that several features have now changed; in particular, more information is available about mortality rates (low overall), and there is now greater clinical awareness and a specific and sensitive laboratory test, the availability of which continues to increase.
The Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens (ACDP) is also of the opinion that COVID-19 should no longer be classified as an HCID.
The need to have a national, coordinated response remains, but this is being met by the government’s COVID-19 response.
Cases of COVID-19 are no longer managed by HCID treatment centres only. All healthcare workers managing possible and confirmed cases should follow the updated national infection and prevention (IPC) guidance for COVID-19, which supersedes all previous IPC guidance for COVID-19. This guidance includes instructions about different personal protective equipment (PPE) ensembles that are appropriate for different clinical scenarios.
Definition of HCID
In the UK, a high consequence infectious disease (HCID) is defined according to the following criteria:
acute infectious disease
typically has a high case-fatality rate
may not have effective prophylaxis or treatment
often difficult to recognise and detect rapidly
ability to spread in the community and within healthcare settings
requires an enhanced individual, population and system response to ensure it is managed effectively, efficiently and safely
Classification of HCIDs
HCIDs are further divided into contact and airborne groups:
contact HCIDs are usually spread by direct contact with an infected patient or infected fluids, tissues and other materials, or by indirect contact with contaminated materials and fomites
airborne HCIDs are spread by respiratory droplets or aerosol transmission, in addition to contact routes of transmission
List of high consequence infectious diseases
A list of HCIDs has been agreed by a joint Public Health England (PHE) and NHS England HCID Programme:
Contact HCID Airborne HCID
Argentine haemorrhagic fever (Junin virus) Andes virus infection (hantavirus)
Bolivian haemorrhagic fever (Machupo virus) Avian influenza A H7N9 and H5N1
Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) Avian influenza A H5N6 and H7N7
Ebola virus disease (EVD) Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
Lassa fever Monkeypox
Lujo virus disease Nipah virus infection
Marburg virus disease (MVD) Pneumonic plague (Yersinia pestis)
Severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome (SFTS) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)*
*No cases reported since 2004, but SARS remains a notifiable disease under the International Health Regulations (2005), hence its inclusion here
**Human to human transmission has not been described to date for avian influenza A(H5N6). Human to human transmission has been described for avian influenza A(H5N1), although this was not apparent until more than 30 human cases had been reported. Both A(H5N6) and A(H5N1) often cause severe illness and fatalities. Therefore, A(H5N6) has been included in the airborne HCID list despite not meeting all of the HCID criteria.
The list of HCIDs will be kept under review and updated by PHE if new HCIDs emerge that are of relevance to the UK.
HCIDs in the UK
HCIDs, including viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs), are rare in the UK. When cases do occur, they tend to be sporadic and are typically associated with recent travel to an area where the infection is known to be endemic or where an outbreak is occurring. None of the HCIDs listed above are endemic in the UK, and the known animal reservoirs are not found in the UK.
As of February 2020, 2019, the UK has experience of managing confirmed cases of Lassa fever, EVD, CCHF, MERS and monkeypox. The vast majority of these patients acquired their infections overseas, but rare incidents of secondary transmission of MERS and monkeypox have occurred in the UK.
the HCID chart listing follows
drink deeply from the cup of truth until you are full
*
*
*
Global high consequence
infectious disease events
Monthly update
July 2020
*
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April - June 2020 update
2
About Public Health England
Public Health England exists to protect and improve the nation’s health and wellbeing,
and reduce health inequalities. We do this through world-leading science, research,
knowledge and intelligence, advocacy, partnerships and the delivery of specialist public
health services. We are an executive agency of the Department of Health and Social
Care, and a distinct delivery organisation with operational autonomy. We provide
government, local government, the NHS, Parliament, industry and the public with
evidence-based professional, scientific and delivery expertise and support.
Public Health England
Wellington House
133-155 Waterloo Road
London SE1 8UG
Tel: 020 7654 8000
www.gov.uk/phe
Twitter: @PHE_uk
Facebook: www.facebook.com/PublicHealthEngland
Prepared by: Emerging Infections and Zoonoses Section, PHE
For queries relating to this document, please contact: epiintel@phe.gov.uk
© Crown copyright 2020
You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or
medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0. To view this licence,
visit OGL. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need
to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned.
Published August 2020
PHE Publications PHE supports the UN
gateway number: GW-1534 Sustainable Development Goals
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
3
Introduction
This report provides detailed updates on known high consequence infectious disease
(HCID) events around the world.
This report details all the HCID pathogens that are covered during epidemic intelligence
activities. The report is divided into 2 sections. The first contains contact and airborne
HCIDs that have been specified for the HCID Programme by NHS England. The
second section contains additional HCIDs that are important for situational awareness.
Each section consists of 2 tables of known pathogens and includes descriptions of
recent events. A third table will be included in the second section when undiagnosed
disease events occur that could be interpreted as potential HCIDs.
Likelihood assessment
Included for each disease is a ‘likelihood assessment’; the likelihood of a case
occurring in the UK, based on past UK experience and the global occurrence of travelassociated cases. There are 3 categories currently – LOW, VERY LOW and
EXCEPTIONALLY LOW. This assessment is as of January 2019.
When considering clinical history, it is important to remember that cases can and do
occur outside of the usual distribution area. It is not possible to assess accurately the
risk of cases presenting to healthcare providers in England, but taken together it is
inevitable that occasional imported cases will be seen.
Events found during routine scanning activities that occur in endemic areas will briefly
be noted in the report. Active surveillance, other than daily epidemic intelligence
activities, of events in endemic areas will not be conducted (for example, actively
searching government websites or other sources for data on case numbers).
The target audience for this report is any healthcare professional who may be involved
in HCID identification.
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April - June 2020 update
4
Section 1. Incidents of significance of primary HCIDs
Notable event: Ebola virus disease outbreak in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Contact HCIDs
Infectious disease Geographical risk areas Source(s) and route of
infection:
UK experience to
date
Likelihood assessment
Crimean-Congo
haemorrhagic fever
(CCHF)
Endemic in Central and
Eastern Europe, Central
Asia, the Middle East,
East and West Africa.
First locally acquired case
in Spain 2016
(Risk Assessment).
• bite from or crushing of
an infected tick
• contact with blood or
tissues from infected
livestock
• contact with infected
patients, their blood or
body fluids
Two confirmed
cases (exAfghanistan 2012;
ex-Bulgaria 2014).
LOW – Rarely reported
in travellers (23 cases
in world literature).
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• Georgia confirmed 1 additional case for 2020, bringing the overall tally for 2020 to 11
• Russia’s Stavropol region reported 8 cases in July, by mid-July 30 cases had been reported for
2020. The Rostov region reported an overall total of 14 cases for 2020 in July.For both regions
incidences were lower than those of 2019.
Ebola virus disease
Sporadic outbreaks in
Western, Central and
Eastern Africa.
• contact/consumption of
infected animal tissue
(such as, bushmeat)
• contact with infected
human blood or body
fluids
Four confirmed
cases (1 labacquired in UK in
1976; 3 HCWs
associated with
West African
VERY LOW – Other
than during the West
Africa outbreak,
exported cases are
extremely rare.
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
5
epidemic 2014 to
2015).
DRC - outbreak in Equateur province
On 1 June 2020, a new outbreak was declared in Équateur province, on the other side of the now declared
over 10th outbreak, when a small cluster of cases was reported in the city of Mbandaka. This province was
previously affected by EVD in the summer of 2018. In July the new outbreak continued to see rising
numbers of confirmed cases and geographical spread to new health areas, with 27 health areas in eight
health zones affected. By end of July a total of 73 cases (69 confirmed and four probable) including 31
deaths (42.5% CFR) had been reported, with three health workers having been affected. The number of
health areas that have reported at least one confirmed or probable case of EVD since the start of this
outbreak has risen to 27, in eight of the 18 health zones in the province. Challenges encountered were
inadequate resources for alert investigations in Mbandaka, and case management in rural and hard-toreach areas continue. According to the WHO, the constant presence of confirmed cases in the community
was of particular concern, along with suspected cases who were not being isolated or delays in isolation.
Additionally, there are insufficient funds available to cover the response required. Although all pillars of
response are active in the affected areas, further actions are required to limit spread to other areas
(including spread to neighbouring countries Republic of Congo and Central African Republic), along with
intense community engagement with community leaders to prevent resistance to response activities and
ensure that communities become fully engaged in response activities.
Lassa fever
Endemic in sub-Saharan
West Africa
• contact with excreta, or
materials contaminated
with excreta of infected
rodent
• inhalation of aerosols of
excreta of infected
rodent
• contact with infected
human blood or body
fluids
Fourteen cases
since 1971, all exWest Africa.
LOW – Overall it is the
most common imported
VHF but still rare (global
total 35 reported since
1969).
Recent cases/outbreaks:
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
6
• Nigeria:after the peak in cases January to March, the decreasing trend observed from April to
June, continues with only 14 confirmed cases in Ondo state mostly in July. The total number of
confirmed cases to 28 June 2020 was 1,054.
• Guinea reported one case (with one death) mid-July
Marburg virus
disease
Sporadic outbreaks in
Central and Eastern
Africa
• contact with infected
blood or body fluids
No known cases in
UK.
VERY LOW – 5 travelrelated cases in the
world literature.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no cases reported since November 2017
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
7
Airborne HCIDs
Infectious disease Geographical risk areas Source(s) and route of
infection:
UK experience to date Likelihood assessment
Influenza A(H7N9)
virus (Asian
lineage)
All human infections
acquired in China.
• close contact with
infected birds or their
environments
• close contact with
infected humans (no
sustained human-tohuman transmission)
No known cases in
UK.
VERY LOW (PHE Risk
Assessment).
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected human cases of H7N9 were reported in July
Influenza A(H5N1)
virus
Human cases
predominantly in SE Asia,
but also Egypt, Iraq,
Pakistan, Turkey, Nigeria.
Highly pathogenic H5N1 in
birds much more
widespread, including UK.
• close contact with
infected birds or their
environments
• close contact with
infected humans (no
sustained human-tohuman transmission)
No known cases in
UK.
VERY LOW (PHE Risk
Assessment).
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected human cases of H5N1 were reported in July
Middle East
respiratory
syndrome (MERS)
The Arabian Peninsula –
Yemen, Qatar, Oman,
Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi
Arabia and United Arab
Emirates
• airborne particles
• direct contact with
contaminated
environment
• direct contact with
camels
Five cases in total; 3
imported cases (2012,
2013 and 2018); 2
secondary cases in
close family members
of 2nd case; 3 deaths
VERY LOW (PHE Risk
Assessment).
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
8
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• As of 2 July, 57 cases (with 20 deaths) have been reported in Saudi Arabia, 2 in the United Arab
Emirates and 1 in Qatar in 2020, as reported by ECDC in July. For awareness, regular reporting
of MERS cases seems to have stalled, especially for Saudi Arabia, since the start of the COVID19 pandemic.
Monkeypox virus
West and Central Africa • close contact with
infected animal or
human
• indirect contact with
contaminated material,
such as bed linen
Three cases in total; 2
imported (Sept 2018)
and 1 nosocomial
transmission.
VERY LOW – Reported
outside Africa for the
first time in 2018 (2 in
UK and 1 in Israel).
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• DRC reported 334 suspected cases including 10 deaths in July. A total of 2,924 suspected
cases (108 deaths) had been reported thus far in 2020. Compared to the same period in 2019,
although the number of cases is slightly lower (3,015 cases by August 2019), the number of
deaths is significantly higher in 2020 (64 deaths by August 2019). The reason for the increased
case fatality rate is unknown at this stage.
• Nigeria reported 3 suspected case up to 26th of July
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
9
Nipah virus
Outbreaks in Bangladesh
and India; SE Asia at risk.
• direct or indirect
exposure to infected
bats; consumption of
contaminated raw date
palm sap
• close contact with
infected pigs or
humans
No known cases in
UK.
EXCEPTIONALLY LOW
– No travel-related
infections in the
literature.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected cases reported in July
Pneumonic plague
(Yersinia pestis)
Predominantly subSaharan Africa but also
Asia, North Africa, South
America, Western USA
• flea bites
• close contact with
infected animals
• contact with human
cases of pneumonic
plague
Last outbreak in UK
was in 1918.
VERY LOW - Rarely
reported in travellers.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• DRC’s Ituri province is seeing an increase in plague cases in a single health zone. From midJune to mid-July 45 cases including 9 deaths were reported. Of these, two showed signs of
septicemic plague; all the other cases were diagnosed as having bubonic plague. According to
the available information, it is likely that all three types of plague clinical presentation (bubonic,
septicemic and pneumonic) are present. Overall, 75 cases (17 deaths) were reported for 2020.
Severe acute
respiratory
syndrome (SARS)
Currently none; 2
outbreaks originating from
China 2002 and 2004.
• airborne particles
• direct contact with
contaminated
environment
Four cases related to
2002 outbreak.
EXCEPTIONALLY LOW
– Not reported since
2004.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
10
Section 2. Incidents of significance of additional HCIDs
Contact HCIDs
Infectious disease Geographical risk areas Source(s) and route of
infection:
UK experience to date Likelihood assessment
Argentine
haemorrhagic fever
(Junin virus)
Argentina (central).
Limited to the provinces of
Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Santa
Fe, Entre Rios and La Pampa.
• direct contact with
infected rodents
• inhalation of
infectious rodent
fluids and excreta
• person-to-person
transmission has
been documented
No known cases in
UK.
EXCEPTIONALLY
LOW – Travel-related
cases have never
been reported.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected cases were reported in July
Bolivian
haemorrhagic fever
(Machupo virus)
Bolivia – limited to the
Department of Beni,
municipalities of the provinces
Iténez (Magdalena, Baures
and Huacaraje) and Mamoré
(Puerto Siles, San Joaquín
and San Ramón)
• direct contact with
infected rodents
• inhalation of
infectious rodent
fluids and excreta
• person-to-person
transmission has
been documented
No known cases in
UK.
EXCEPTIONALLY
LOW – Travel-related
cases have never
been reported.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected cases were reported in July
• no confirmed or suspected human cases reported since 2004
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
11
Lujo virus disease
Single case acquired in
Zambia lead to a cluster in
South Africa in 2008.
• presumed rodent
contact (excreta, or
materials
contaminated with
excreta of infected
rodent)
• person-to-person via
body fluids
No known cases in
UK.
EXCEPTIONALLY
LOW – a single travel
related case; not
reported anywhere
since 2008.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected human cases reported since 2008
Severe fever with
thrombocytopenia
syndrome (SFTS)
Mainly reported from China
(southeastern), Japan and
Korea; first ever cases
reported in Vietnam and
Taiwan in 2019.
• presumed to be tick
exposure
• person-to-person
transmission
described in
household and
hospital contacts, via
contact with
blood/bloodstained
body fluids
No known cases in
UK.
EXCEPTIONALLY
LOW – Not known to
have occurred in
travellers.
Recent cases/outbreak:
• China: media reports of 60 hopitalised cases and 7 deaths for 2020
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
12
Airborne HCIDs
Infectious disease Geographical risk areas Source(s) and route of
infection:
UK experience to date Likelihood assessment
Andes virus
(Hantavirus)
Chile and southern
Argentina.
• rodent contact
(excreta, or materials
contaminated with
excreta of infected
rodent
• person-to-person
transmission described
in household and
hospital contacts
No known cases in
UK.
VERY LOW – Rare
cases in travellers have
been reported.
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected cases were reported in July
Influenza A(H5N6)
virus
Mostly China
(March 2017 new strain in
Greece, and subsequently
found in Western Europe).
• close contact with
infected birds or their
environments
No known cases. VERY LOW – Not
known to have occurred
in travellers (PHE risk
assessment).
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected human cases of H5N6 were reported in July
Influenza A(H7N7)
virus
Sporadic occurrence
including Europe and UK.
• close contact with
infected birds or their
environments
• close contact with
infected humans (no
sustained human-tohuman transmission)
No known cases. VERY LOW – Human
cases are rare, and
severe disease even
rarer.
Global high consequence infectious disease events: April – June 2020 update
13
Recent cases/outbreaks:
• no confirmed or suspected human cases of H7N7 were reported in July
#YoureWelcome
You may be gone,
but you will never be forgotten
bound with love
forever in the loop
D.
By The Hidden on December 09, 2020
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